Beidou high-precision monitoring technology helps prevent slope disasters

The " 5G + Beidou high-precision positioning " project in the field of slope monitoring provides more efficient, safer, and smarter slope monitoring capabilities. The traditional slope monitoring method mainly uses instruments such as a total station for monitoring, which is greatly affected by the terrain and requires long-term manual measurement, which has low efficiency, high cost, and large errors. However, the use of Beidou technology to monitor slopes has It has many advantages such as flexible point selection, less restrictions by terrain and other conditions, high degree of automation, and real-time dynamic monitoring.

 The geological disaster deformation area will not experience a large displacement in a short period of time. It is necessary to observe the overall small deformation and construct a statistical analysis model to predict the long-term change trend of the deformation body and provide a basis for future analysis and decision-making. When Beidou is used for geological disaster monitoring, deformation observation points are often established for representative areas within a certain range, and benchmark points are established at suitable locations (such as on solid bedrock) for remote monitoring points, and combined with different types of sensors to achieve Continuous automatic online monitoring. At the same time, the Beidou deformation monitoring system is far superior to traditional deformation monitoring methods in terms of cost, accuracy and real-time performance. The horizontal displacement and vertical displacement obtained through precise calculation can reach the accuracy of millimeter level or even submillimeter level, which can provide early warning of slope deformation and provide scientific basis for applications such as slope stability, safety and disaster prevention decision-making.

Slope deformation monitoring system based on Beidou technology

      The Beidou cloud monitoring system is based on the Beidou satellite navigation system . The Beidou high-precision GNSS monitor is used to monitor the displacement and deformation of the slope, and the monitoring data is sent back to the monitoring cloud platform in real time through the transmission module , and the monitoring data is processed and analyzed. Simultaneously generate monitoring reports. The system mainly includes three parts: data acquisition, data transmission, and data processing, and realizes the automation of the whole process from data acquisition to data analysis to display of monitoring results.

1. Introduction to Beidou Satellite Navigation System

      BeiDou Navigation Satellite System ( BDS for short ) is a global satellite navigation system developed by China with complete intellectual property rights. From December 27, 2012, my country's Beidou satellite navigation service officially began to provide passive positioning, navigation and timing services to the Asia-Pacific region [2-3]. On December 27, 2018, my country's Beidou-3 navigation basic system was fully completed and began to provide navigation services to the world.

2. Beidou high-precision GNSS monitor

     The monitoring equipment is mainly Beidou GNSS monitor, which is mainly composed of three parts: GNSS positioning antenna, solar panel and main box. When the Beidou GNSS monitor is working, it will use GNSS real-time dynamic monitoring differential technology to monitor slope displacement, and then transmit the obtained data to the monitoring cloud platform through the data module and data antenna using the 5G wireless network.

One GNSS receiver is fixed and stably placed at a position far away from the deformation area as the reference station, and multiple GNSS receivers are placed at the slope displacement point as the monitoring station. The reference station and the monitoring station observe the common-view satellite at the same time, and the carrier phase As the observation quantity, it is called single base station GNSS real-time difference technology. Since there will be a strong GNSS error correlation between two synchronous observation stations observing common-view satellites, single-difference, double-difference, and triple-difference can be used to combine the observations of the two stations to eliminate or weaken the error. The carrier phase measurement The accuracy can reach 0.5~2.0 mm.

3. Monitoring cloud platform

      The Beidou GNSS monitor transmits the monitoring data to the data collection station, and then uploads the data to the monitoring cloud platform for data storage through 5G network transmission. The monitoring cloud platform receives data, processes and analyzes GNSS data according to the preset early warning model, and performs three-level early warning for monitoring results whose displacement exceeds the limit value, and compiles monitoring reports and releases early warning information.

Advantages of Beidou monitoring technology

Compared with the traditional deformation monitoring technology, the use of Beidou high-precision deformation monitoring technology has the following advantages for slope deformation monitoring:

"Two highs": high precision and high efficiency

Supported by Beidou high-precision positioning technology and precision sensing technology, it provides high-precision (millimeter-level) online monitoring for the monitoring structure, and achieves a set of precise positioning data within a few minutes to monitor the deformation of the slope in real time.

"Two best": all-weather, fully automatic

The GNSS monitor used in Beidou positioning is not easily affected by temperature, humidity, weather and day and night changes, does not require frequent maintenance, and has low requirements for terrain. It can basically meet the requirements of one installation and many years of use. In addition, the monitoring using Beidou monitoring technology is fully automatic, and the process of monitoring and recording data does not require manual operation.